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Recent technological advances have affected many areas of our lives, including the way we communicate, collaborate, learn, and, of course, teach. Those advances necessitate聽an expansion of our vocabulary, producing definitions such as digital natives, digital immigrants, and the topic of this post鈥�21st-century teacher.

As I聽write聽this, I鈥檓 trying to recall if I ever had heard phrases such as 20th-century teacher听辞谤 19th-century teacher.聽Quick Google searches reassure聽me that there are no such word combinations. Changing 20th听迟辞 21st聽brings different results: a 21st-century school, 21st-century education, 21st-century teacher, 21st-century skills. I聽 searched for Twitter hashtags and Amazon books, and the results were just the same鈥攏othing for聽20th-century teacher聽and a lot for聽21st: #teacher21, #21stcenturyskills, #21stCTeaching, and聽quite a few books on聽21st-century teaching and learning.

Obviously, teaching in the 21st century is an altogether different phenomenon; never before could learning聽be happening the way it is now鈥攅verywhere, all the time, on any possible topic, supporting any possible learning style or preference. But what does being a 21st-century teacher really mean?

15 Characteristics of a 21st-Century Teacher

1. Learner-centered classroom and personalized instruction: As students have access to any information possible, there certainly is no need to spoon-feed聽them knowledge or teach one-size-fits-all聽content. Students have different personalities, goals, and needs, and offering personalized instruction聽is not just possible but desirable. When students are allowed to make their own choices, they own their learning, increase intrinsic motivation, and put in more effort鈥攁n ideal recipe for better learning outcomes.

2. Students as producers:聽Today鈥檚 students have the latest and greatest tools, yet the usage in many cases barely goes beyond communicating with family and friends via chat, text, or calls. Even though students are now viewed as digital natives, many are far from producing any digital content. They聽own expensive devices with capabilities to produce blogs, infographics, books, how-to videos, and tutorials, just to name a few, but in many classes聽they are still asked to turn those devices off and work with handouts and worksheets.

Sadly, often聽these papers are simply thrown away once graded. Many students don鈥檛 even want to do them, let alone keep or return to them later. When given a chance, students can produce beautiful and creative blogs, movies, or digital stories that they feel proud of and share with others.

3. Learn new technologies:聽In order to be able to offer students choices, having one鈥檚 own hands-on experience and expertise will be useful. Since technology keeps developing, learning a tool once and for all is not an option. The good news is that new technologies are new for the novice and and experienced teachers alike, so everyone can jump in at any time. I鈥檝e used a short-term subscription to , which has many resources for learning new technologies.

4. Go global:聽Today鈥檚 tools make it possible to learn about other countries and people firsthand. Of course, textbooks are still sufficient, yet聽there鈥檚 nothing like learning languages, cultures, and communication skills by actually talking to people from other parts of the world.

It鈥檚 a shame that with all the tools available, we still learn about other cultures, people, and events from the media. Teaching students how to use the tools in their hands to visit鈥攁t least virtually鈥攁ny corner of this planet will hopefully make us more knowledgable and sympathetic.

5. Be smart and use smartphones:聽Once again鈥攚hen students are encouraged to view their devices as valuable tools that support knowledge (rather than as distractions), they start using them as such. I remember my first years of teaching when I would not allow cell phones in class and I鈥檇 try to explain every new vocabulary word or answer every question myself鈥攕omething I wouldn鈥檛 even think of doing today.

I鈥檝e learned that different students have different needs when it comes to help with new vocabulary or questions, so there鈥檚 no need to waste time and explain something that perhaps only one or two students will benefit from. Instead, teaching students to be independent and know how to find the answers they need makes the class a different environment.

I鈥檝e seen positive changes ever since I started viewing students鈥� devices as useful aids. In fact, sometimes I even respond by saying, 鈥淚 don鈥檛 know鈥攗se Google and tell us all.鈥� What a difference in their reactions and outcomes!

6. Blog:聽I have written on the importance of both student and teacher blogging. Even my beginners of English could see the value of writing for real audience and establishing their digital presence. To blog or not to blog should not be a question any more.

7. Go digital:聽Another important attribute is to go paperless鈥攐rganizing teaching resources and activities on one鈥檚 own website and integrating technology can bring students鈥� learning experience to a different level. Sharing links and offering digital discussions as opposed to a constant paper flow allows students to access and share class resources in a more organized fashion.

8. Collaborate:聽Technology allows collaboration between teachers and students. Creating digital resources, presentations, and projects together with other educators and students will make classroom activities resemble the real world. Collaboration should go beyond sharing documents via email or creating PowerPoint presentations. Many great ideas never go beyond a conversation or paper copy, which is a great loss. Collaboration globally can change our entire experience.

9. Use Twitter chats: Participating in Twitter chats is the cheapest and most efficient way to organize one鈥檚聽PD, share research and ideas, and stay current with issues and updates in the field. We can grow professionally and expand our knowledge as there are great conversations happening every day, and going to conferences is no longer the only way to meet others and build professional learning networks.

10. Connect:聽Connect with like-minded individuals. Again, today鈥檚 tools allow us to connect with anyone, anywhere, anytime. Have a question for an expert or colleague? Simply connect via social media: follow, join, ask, or tell.

11. Project-based learning:聽As today鈥檚 students have聽access to authentic resources on the web, experts anywhere in the world, and peers learning the same subject somewhere else, teaching with textbooks is very 20th-century. Today鈥檚 students should develop their own driving questions, conduct their research, contact experts, and create final projects to share, all using devices already in their hands. All they need from their teacher is guidance.

12. Build your positive digital footprint:聽It might sound obvious, but it is for today鈥檚 teachers to model how to appropriately use social media, how to produce and publish valuable content, and how to create sharable resources. Even though it鈥檚 true that teachers are people, and they want to use social media and post their pictures and thoughts, we cannot ask our students not to do inappropriate things online if we ourselves do them. Maintaining professional behavior both in class and online will help build positive digital footprint and model appropriate actions for students.

13. Code:聽While this one might sound complicated, coding is nothing but today鈥檚 literacy. As pencils and聽pens were the tools聽of the 20th century,听迟辞day鈥檚 teacher must be able to operate with today鈥檚 pen and pencil鈥攃omputers. Coding is very interesting to learn鈥攖he feeling of writing a page with HTML is amazing. Even though I have a ways to go, just like in every other field, a step at a time can聽go a long way. Again, Lynda.com is a great resource to start with.

14. Innovate:聽I invite you to expand your teaching toolbox and try new ways you have not tried before, such as teaching with social media or replacing textbooks with web resources. Not for the sake of tools but for the sake of students.

Ever since I started using TED talks and my own activities based on those videos, my students have been giving聽very different feedback. They love it! They love using Facebook for class discussions and announcements. They appreciate novelty鈥攏ot the new tools, but the new, more productive and more interesting ways of using them.

15. Keep learning:聽As new tools and new technology keep emerging, learning and adapting is essential. The good news is: It鈥檚 fun, and even 20 minutes a day will take you a long way.